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337 scholarly results for stat.AP
Scholar iON Academic Synthesis
The collection of scholarly papers encompasses diverse themes within applied physics and biomedical engineering, focusing on innovative theoretical and practical advancements. Zioutas et al. debate the statistical significance and interpretation of melanoma periodicity findings, proposing planetary lensing as a potential explanation for observed cancer oscillations. Gorman et al. present a novel infection-responsive collagen fiber for wound monitoring, emphasizing its mechanical robustness and potential for scalable production in smart medical textiles. In the realm of classical electrodynamics, McGuigan et al. and BarAvi explore alternative frameworksโ€”BLTP theory and Extended Structural Dynamics, respectivelyโ€”to address the inadequacies of the Lorentz Abraham Dirac equation, particularly its pathological aspects like runaway solutions. Collectively, these studies reflect ongoing efforts to refine theoretical models and develop practical applications, highlighting both the innovative potential and the challenges inherent in reconciling new scientific paradigms with established knowledge.
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arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Comment On the Connection Between Planets, Dark Matter and Cancer, by Hector Socas-Navarro (arXiv:1812.02482 [physics.med-ph])
Konstantin Zioutas; Edward Valachovic; Marios Maroudas
2018 arXiv Open Access DOI: 10.1142/S1793048019200029
In arXiv:1812.02482 Socas-Navarro (SN) provided multiple confirmation of the claimed 88 days melanoma periodicity. This greatly strengthens the observation by Zioutas and Valachovic (ZV). Here we comment on the work by SN, because it objects the interpretation of the observation by ZV. Notice that SN objection is based on serious assumptions, which were explicitly excluded by ZV. Further, the conclusion made with a sub-set of data (4 percent) is statistically not significant to dispute ZV. On the contrary, since the same periodicity appears also in other 8 major cancer types, we consider it as a global oscillatory behaviour of cancer. At this stage, such a rather ubiquitous cancer periodicity makes any discussion of a small subset of data at least secondarily. Further, we show here that the 88 days Melanoma periodicity is not related to solar activity. Planetary lensing of streaming low speed invisible massive particles remains the only viable explanation, as it has been introduced previously with a number of physics observations [4]. We also show that planetary lensing of low speed particles cannot be considered in isolation, because of the dominating Sun gravity, at least for the inner planets. Interestingly, gravitational lensing - deflection favours low speed particles.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
An infection-responsive collagen-based wet-spun textile fibre for wound monitoring
Jonathon Gorman; Charles Brooker; Xinyu Li; Giuseppe Tronci
2025 arXiv Open Access
Wound infections are a significant clinical and socioeconomic challenge, contributing to delayed healing and increased wound chronicity. To enable early infection detection and inform therapeutic decisions, this study investigated the design of pH-responsive collagen fibres using a scalable wet spinning process, evaluating product suitability for textile dressings and resorbable sutures. Type I collagen was chemically functionalised with 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, enabling UV-induced crosslinking and yielding mechanically robust fibres. Bromothymol blue, a halochromic dye responsive to pH changes, was incorporated via drop-casting to impart visual infection-responsive colour change. Gravimetric analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy confirmed high dye loading, whereby a Loading Efficiency of 99+/-3 wt.% was achieved. The fibres exhibited controlled swelling in aqueous environments (Swelling Ratio: 323+/-79 - 492+/-73 wt.%) and remarkable wet-state Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS: 12+/-3 - 15+/-7 MPa), while up to ca. 30 wt.% of their initial crosslinked mass was retained after 24 hours in a collagenase-rich buffer (pH 7.4, 37ยฐC, 2 CDU) and ethanol series dehydration. Importantly, distinct and reversible colour transitions were observed between acidic (pH 5) and alkaline (pH 8) environments, with up to 88 wt.% dye retention following 72-hour incubation. The fibres were successfully processed into woven dressing prototypes and demonstrated knotting ability suitable for suture applications. Overall, these wet-spun collagen fibres integrate infection-responsive capability, biodegradability, and scalable fabrication, representing a promising platform for smart wound dressings and resorbable sutures.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Radiation-Reaction on the Straight-Line Motion of a Point Charge accelerated by a constant applied Electric Field in an Electromagnetic Bopp-Landรฉ-Thomas-Podolsky vacuum
Ryan J. McGuigan; Michael K. -H. Kiessling
2025 arXiv Open Access
The radiation-reaction problem of standard Lorentz electrodynamics with point charges is pathological, standing in contrast to Bopp--Landรฉ--Thomas--Podolsky (BLTP) electrodynamics where it is in fact well-defined and calculable, as reported in a previous publication. To demonstrate the viability of BLTP electrodynamics, we consider the BLTP analogue of the radiation reaction of a classical point charge accelerated from rest by a static homogeneous capacitor plate field, and calculate it up to $O(\varkappa^4)$ in a formal expansion about $\varkappa=0$ in powers of $\varkappa$, Bopp's reciprocal length, a new electrodynamics parameter introduced by BLTP theory. In a paper by Carley and Kiessling (arXiv:2303.01720 [physics.class-ph]) the radiation-reaction corrections to test-particle motion were explicitly computed to $O(\varkappa^3)$, the first non-vanishing order. In this article a crucial question regarding this ``small-$\varkappa$'' expansion, raised by Carley and Kiessling, is answered as follows: The motions computed with terms $O(\varkappa^3)$ included are mathematically accurate approximations to {physically reasonable} solutions of the actual BLTP initial value problem for short times $t$, viz. when $\varkappa c t \ll 1$, where $c$ is the speed of light in vacuo, but their unphysical behavior over {much} longer times does not accurately approximate the actual BLTP solutions even when the dimensionless parameter $\varkappa e^2 / |m_b| c^2 \ll 1$, where $e$ is the elementary charge and $m_b$ the bare rest mass of the electron. This has the important implication that BLTP electrodynamics remains a viable contender for an accurate classical electrodynamics with point charges that does not suffer from the infinite self-interaction problems of textbook Lorentz electrodynamics with point charges.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Extended Structural Dynamics and the Lorentz Abraham Dirac Equation: A Deformable Charge Interpretation
Patrick BarAvi
2026 arXiv Open Access
Radiation reaction in classical electrodynamics is traditionally described by the Lorentz Abraham Dirac equation (LAD), whose point particle formulation leads to well known difficulties including runaway solutions, pre acceleration, and the ambiguous status of the Schott term. We analyze radiation reaction within the framework of Extended Structural Dynamics (ESD), in which charged particles are modeled as finite systems possessing internal dynamical structure. In the present formulation the particle is represented as a finite, deformable sphere with a single radial breathing mode describing internal charge redistribution. This internal degree of freedom introduces a finite response time and ensures that changes in the charge distribution propagate at finite speed. Starting from the full particle field Hamiltonian, we derive the retarded self force for such a deformable charge and obtain a delay kernel that depends on both the past motion and the past internal configuration. In the adiabatic regime the kernel reduces to an effective causal form that is free of pre acceleration and exhibits a band pass frequency response, suppressing high frequency instabilities associated with runaway behavior. The Schott term is shown to correspond to reversible energy stored in the internal deformation mode, providing a direct mechanical interpretation of this contribution. The LAD dynamics are recovered only in the double limit of vanishing spatial extent and frozen internal dynamics, where the causal delay structure collapses to the familiar point particle approximation. Within this framework radiation reaction arises as the leading order effective dynamics of a finite deformable charge, while higher order corrections encode finite size and internal structural effects without modifying Maxwell's equations or introducing ad hoc regularization.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Understanding the special theory of relativity
Anders Mรฅnsson
2009 arXiv Open Access
This paper constitutes a background to the paper 'Quantum mechanics as "space-time statistical mechanics"?', arXiv:quant-ph/0501133, presented previously by the author. But it is also a free-standing and self-contained paper. The purpose of this paper is to give the reader an increased and a deeper understanding of the special theory of relativity, and the spacetime ideas lying behind the above mentioned paper. We will here consider, discuss, define, analyse, and explain things such as, e.g., the constancy of the speed of light, synchronization, simultaneity, absolute simultaneity, absolute space and time, the ether, and spacetime. Albert Einstein's original version of the special theory of relativity is fundamentally an operational theory, free from interpretation. But the old "Lorentzian interpretation" and the standard "spacetime interpretation" of the special theory of relativity will also be considered. This paper also discusses and analyses aspects of the philosophy of science that in my opinion are relevant for an understanding of the special theory of relativity.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Unfortunate Terminology
J. K. Kowalczynski
2003 arXiv Open Access
The phrase "negative squared rest mass" can sometimes be found in papers on neutrinos and frequently occurs in the tachyonic literature. Consequently, some authors say that "the rest mass of tachyons is imaginary". Besides, the statement "photons have zero rest mass" is almost common. In terms of relativity, however, the state of rest cannot be reasonably defined for luxons and tachyons, and, therefore, today it does not make sense to speak of rest mass of such objects. It is shown here that the phrases "negative squared mass", "imaginary mass", and "photon's zero mass" result from applying bradyonic dynamical relativistic relations to determine properties of luxons and tachyons; and that this erroneous procedure results from an unfortunate interpretation of kinematical relativistic relations. It is also shown that the use of proper relativistic relations, i.e. luxonic or tachyonic ones, gives a positive quantity having the squared mass dimension. Thus we obtain a nonzero real quantity having the mass dimension (called masslike quantity), which is positive for the photon and may (by intuition - should) be positive for other luxons and for tachyons.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Spectra of Random Contractions and Scattering Theory for Discrete-Time Systems
Yan V. Fyodorov; H. -J. Sommmers
2000 arXiv Open Access DOI: 10.1134/1.1335121
Random contractions (sub-unitary random matrices) appear naturally when considering quantized chaotic maps within a general theory of open linear stationary systems with discrete time. We analyze statistical properties of complex eigenvalues of generic $N\times N$ random matrices $\hat{A}$ of such a type, corresponding to systems with broken time-reversal invariance. Deviations from unitarity are characterized by rank $M\le N$ and a set of eigenvalues $0<T_i\le 1, i=1,...,M$ of the matrix $\hat{T}=\hat{\bf 1}-\hat{A}^{\dagger}\hat{A}$. We solve the problem completely by deriving the joint probability density of $N$ complex eigenvalues and calculating all $n-$ point correlation functions. In the limit $N>>M,n$ the correlation functions acquire the universal form found earlier for weakly non-Hermitian random matrices.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Bichromatically driven double well: parametric perspective of the strong-field control landscape reveals the influence of chaotic states
Astha Sethi; Srihari Keshavamurthy
2008 arXiv Open Access DOI: 10.1063/1.2907861
The aim of this work is to understand the influence of chaotic states in control problems involving strong fields. Towards this end, we numerically construct and study the strong field control landscape of a bichromatically driven double well. A novel measure based on correlating the overlap intensities between Floquet states and an initial phase space coherent state with the parametric motion of the quasienergies is used to construct and interpret the landscape features. "Walls" of no control, robust under variations of the relative phase between the fields, are seen on the control landscape and associated with multilevel interactions involving chaotic Floquet states.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
A Hawkes model with CARMA(p,q) intensity
Lorenzo Mercuri; Andrea Perchiazzo; Edit Rroji
2022 arXiv Open Access
In this paper we introduce a new model named CARMA(p,q)-Hawkes process as the Hawkes model with exponential kernel implies a strictly decreasing behaviour of the autocorrelation function and empirically evidences reject the monotonicity assumption on the autocorrelation function. The proposed model is a Hawkes process where the intensity follows a Continuous Time Autoregressive Moving Average (CARMA) process and specifically is able to reproduce more realistic dependence structures. We also study the conditions of stationarity and positivity for the intensity and the strong mixing property for the increments. Furthermore we compute the likelihood, present a simulation method and discuss an estimation method based on the autocorrelation function. A simulation and estimation exercise highlights the main features of the CARMA(p,q)-Hawkes.
arxiv.org ยท scholarly article
Universality of Tsallis q-exponential of interoccurrence times within the microscopic model of cunning agents
Mateusz Denys; Tomasz Gubiec; Ryszard Kutner
2014 arXiv Open Access
We proposed the agent-based model of financial markets where agents (or traders) are represented by three-state spins located on the plane lattice or social network. The spin variable represents only the individual opinion (advice) that each trader gives to his nearest neighbors. In the model the agents can be considered as cunning. For instance, although agent having currently a maximal value of the spin advises his nearest neighbors to buy some stocks he, perfidiously, will sell some stocks in the next Monte Carlo step or will occupy a neutral position. In general, the trader has three possibilities: he can buy some stocks if his opinion change within a single time step is positive, sell some stocks if this change is negative, or remain inactive if his opinion is unchanged. The predictions of our model, found by simulations, well agree with the empirical universal distribution of interoccurrence times between daily losses below negative thresholds following the Tsallis q-exponential.